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Sunday, November 01, 2009

adab of giving counsel, dispensing advice

1.
Religion is good counsel

Giving good and true advice and counseling are part of wholesome actions ('amal salih). By the saying of the Prophet, "To give counseling is part of Deen (religious ways)" - is a God given duty, specially for the saints and friends of God to offer beautiful advice and counseling to all. The Quran describe true counseling as one of the most wholesome action that is not comparable to other temporal activities that human beings engage with.

"You must be of good counsel to all.. The highest point of this is that you conceal nothing from them which if made known would result in good or preserve from something evil. The prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) has said, "Religion is good counsel" Part of this is to support a brother in his absence as you would in his presence, and not to give him more verbal signs of affection than you have for him in your heart. It is also part of this that when one asks you for advice, and you know that the correct course does not lie in that which he is inclined to do, you should tell him so."
- Imam al-Haddad on Giving Good Counsel in the
Book of Assistance

2.
Adab or Spiritual Etiquette of Giving Counsel

Adab is disciplined and refined ways of being, acting and speaking. The model of 'adab in the Sufi tradition is the Prophet Muhammad, who said: "None of you will have authentic faith until your hearts are made right, nor will your hearts be made right until your tongues be made right, nor will your tongues be made right until your actions be made right."

There is 'adab (holy etiquette) for every noble action and imparting true advice and good counseling is not excluded from its proper conduct. First rule is don't give advice unless you have permission from your Master, your Lord. Some may exclaim: "Oh! this is an impossible condition. How can I receive God's permission? Surely I can't expect that God will directly speak to me or inspire me to that degree of clarity which are station of Prophets and Messengers."

Yes it is true that God doesn't speak directly except behind veils or medium or Signs.

Give advice only when people ask for it or when people look for one to hear from. The very act of people seeking you or looking up at you for counseling is God's permission to you to give advice. That has been the way of awliya, the friends of God - the ones who are guided and who guided others.

However, one may wonder should I not give advice to someone whom I may see doing wrong, or not finding the easy way or looking for something beneficial which he or she lack but you may have (such as knowledge of particular subject). The reply to this question is that yes one is permitted by the sharia and through the injunction in the holy way to enjoin good and forbid wrong (Quran 3:110). The very action that you are brought in proximity to a person who need advice and you are shown the need of the needy is also bi izni'Llah, by God's permission. In these circumstances rendering proper advice is of merit that is rewarded by God in the hereafter.

And the faithful men, and the faithful women are friends to one another: They command that which is just, and they forbid that which is evil; and they are constant at prayer, and pay their appointed alms; and they obey God, and his apostle: Unto them will God be merciful; for God [is] Mighty, Wise. - The Quran 9:71

3.
Watching out

The ego find its food from spiritual pride and arrogance that are borne from the craving to give advice prematurely without working for one's own sincere heart. Those who have freed themselves from the bondage of their ego are fit to give advice and they are sought for that.

In all of this, there is a catch to watch out, the catchment of ego. The giving of advice has concealed pride in it if the ego is not trained and restrained and watched over. Without curing the ego from the disease of fault finding first, to give advice simply whenever one feels like means to see the faults of someone or to consider oneself better than the other.

Blessed Messiah Jesus cautioned as, "Why do you look at the speck of saw dust in your brother's eye and pay no attention to the plank in your own eye? How can you say to your brother, "Let me take the speck out of your eye, when all the time there is a plank in your own eye? You hypocrite! First take the plank out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to remove the speck from your brother's eye."

In the same theme Imam Jafar as Sadiq, may Allah be well pleased with him advices sincerely: "Whoever has not thrown off his anxieties, been purified of the evils of his self and its appetites, defeated Satan, and entered under the guardianship of Allah and the security of His protection, cannot properly enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil; and since he has not attained these aforementioned qualities, whatever affair he tackles in attempting to enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil will be a proof against him, and people will not benefit from it."

Allah, Blessed be He, says: "What?! Do you enjoin men to be good and neglect your own souls?"(2:44). Again, :O you who believe! why do you say that which you do not act? It is most hateful in the sight of Allah that you say that which you (yourself) do not act." (61:2-3)

Anyone who does that is called upon thus: Oh - traitor! Do you demand from My creation that which you have rejected for yourself and have slackened the reins [in this regard] upon yourself?

It is related that Tha'labah al-Asadi asked Allah's Messenger, upon him be peace about this verse: O you who believe! Take care of your souls; he who errs cannot hurt you when you are on the right way. (5:105)

The Messenger said, 'Enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil, and be forbearing in whatever afflicts you, until such time when you see meanness obeyed and passions followed, and when everyone will have conceit about their own opinion, then you should concern yourself only with yourself, and ignore the affairs of the common people.'

A person who enjoins what is good needs to be knowledgeable about what is permissible and what is forbidden; he must be free from his personal inclinations regarding what he enjoins and forbids, give good counsel to people, be merciful and compassionate to them, and call them with gentleness in a very clear manner, while recognizing their different characters so that he can put each in his proper place.

He must see the intrigues of the self and the machinations of Satan. He must be patient in whatever befalls him, and must not seek compensation from people for that which he instructs them in, nor complain about them. He should not make use of vehemence or passion. He should not become angry for his own sake. He should make his intention purely for Allah, and seek His help and desire Him. But if people oppose him and are harsh to him, he must be patient; and if they agree with him and accept his verdict, he must be thankful, entrusting his affair to Allah and looking to his own faults.

- from The Lantern Of the Path by Imam Jafar bin Muhammad bin Ali al-Sadiq

4.
When speaking good takes precedence over silence and vice-versa

Thus one's inclination to advice someone must be balanced by also knowing in heart that the one giving advice on something is in greater need of advice about something else. The reminder that "Above every knowledgeable one, there is one who is even more knowledgeable." (12:76) is useful to remember that even if one can offer advice to someone for something, the one who is giving advice is in greater need of correction as well. Advice when given without it is being sought in the first place can be cause of hurt for the one who tries to impart it and at the end this might not be beneficial to the recipient of advice.

A believer when speak, must speak something good, else should keep quiet - is a quality of those who are conscious of God.

To speak good takes precedence over silence in most circumstances except when ego is dominating over the heart. So when there is a danger that ego may fuel in offering self motivated advice, one better be silent and be careful and fear God. One should be aware of a day when the tongue will bear witness against the very self (nafs) that was assigned to it. Also one must know to whom to give what. Giving advice to someone who is not able to receive is also not proper wisdom.

Bahauddin Valad, father of Rumi wrote in his Ma'arif: "Anyone who wants my advice can come to me. Offering advice when someone doesn’t ask for it is like throwing bits of paper with words written on them into a fire."

Hebrew Proverb as mentioned in Teachings of Christ, Matthew 7:6 "Do not give dogs what is sacred; do not throw your pearls to pigs. If you do, they may trample them under their feet, and then turn and tear you to pieces."

Imam al Ghazzali said, "He who bestows (manaha) knowledge on the ignorant wastes it, And he who withholds (mana'a) it from the worthy has done them wrong."

5.
Pure words, ascending words of purity

unto Him ascends all words of purity,
and the good deeds lift them up.
- The Quran 35:10

The most effective counseling or advice are those which are offered from a knowing and witnessing heart. The history is our witness that the simple words of truth spoken from a knowing and witness heart of the friends of God have survived thousands of years and still work as tremendous inspiration to the countless hearts.

The Hebrew sages and their true counseling are shining light of guidance and survived after millennia. Think of the simple truth of Christ spoken in the simplest of manners in the simplest of surroundings - are still remembered and held dear. Think of the holy hadith of Prophet Muhammad which are venerated by generations after generations. Think of the precious sayings of holy imams and saints whom people remember well.

The effectiveness of advice is a function of the sincerity of heart and the depth of realization of the essence of truth in the very advice. Unless the truth is spoken which the one who speaks know, understand and witnessed in his or her heart, an advice or a counseling is not worth much. Such advice are known as kalam fadi (empty talks).

6.
From whom to take, whom to avoid

And take counsel with them in the affair..
- The Quran 3:159

The Holy Prophet said, 'Do not sit with every presumptuous caller who summons you from certainty to doubt, from sincerity to showing off, from humility to pride, from good counsel to enmity, and from abstinence to desire.

Draw near to the person with knowledge, who summons you from pride to humility, from showing off to sincerity, from doubt to certainty, from desire to abstinence, from enmity to good counsel.' None are fit to preach to creation except that person who has gone beyond these evils by his truthfulness. He sees the faults of speech and knows what is sound from what is unsound, the defectiveness of thoughts, and the temptations of the self and his fancies.'

Imam 'Ali said, 'Be like the kind, compassionate doctor who places the remedy where it will be of benefit.'

They asked Jesus, 'With whom shall we sit, O Spirit of Allah?' The Messiah Son of Mary replied, 'With one the sight of whom reminds you of Allah and whose speech increases you in knowledge, and whose actions make you desire the next world.'

7.
wa Allahu yaqoolu al Haqqa
wa Huwa yahdee als sabeel.


Allah says the truth
and He guides to the way.
- The Quran 33:4

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18 Comments:

At 6:03 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

The Prophet (pbuh) said: Three ways to stop evil: 1. by force, 2. speaking out against it, and 3. silently saying it in your heart.

Thank you.

AV

AV is hanging on Quran 18:65
AV for AQM-Sufism/Against Sufism w/o AQM
Sufism w/o AQM = Suffocationism (Death/
Spiritual Death)

 
At 8:06 PM, Blogger Vimesh said...

Mas'Allah for the beautifull song in the background,,Khwaja mere Khawaja... Subhanallah.. :) :)


The model of adab in the Sufi tradition is the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessing upon him), who said: "None of you will have authentic faith until your hearts are made right, nor will your hearts be made right until your tongues be made right, nor will your tongues be made right until your actions be made right."


When a dervish steps over the threshold into a Sufi tekke, he leaves the "world" and its concerns behind. The tekke is the school of love. We come here to observe, listen, and learn, and to practice service--not to pursue the ambitions of the world, not to satisfy or promote our own egos, nor to consume exciting "spiritual" experiences.

Adab

*********************************



May Allah (swt)protect us from the ego of "I" am something and what "I" say is right...

When we point a finger at anyone four of "our" own fingers are pointed at us...


Let us have the Adab towards all those who are in this Duniya and those who have reached their Makam ,and whether any one was right or wrong let Allah(swt) decide ...

Lets us all together as brothers and sisters savor the treasures we have before us ...and share our knowledge and how we can progress together instead of clinging on a single topic....and proving who is right and wrong...never ending debates have been going on for hundreds of years and have just clouded and suffocated the treasure trove ..

Astagfirullah to everyone if i crossed my adab but i got this thought just now ...Why are we fighting and bickering among ourselves lets leave this to Allah(swt)and on the day of Judgement he would decide who was right or wrong...so in this duniya let us progress together onthe path of love..

like sister Naomi said
"I pray we can find the compassion that is waiting beyond the surface of what we share....in that mysterious presence of God, who I call the Beloved"

 
At 12:19 AM, Anonymous Aliya said...

Beautiful and well chosen post, Sadiq. Thank you.

AV, when prophet Muhammad speaks about stopping the evil, he knows perfectly well what the evil is. There is no other evil in the whole God's creation, except the man made ego and its illusion for separateness from God's existence.

 
At 12:36 AM, Blogger shabana said...

God bless you.

 
At 12:54 AM, Blogger James Souttar said...

Maulana Dervish, chief of the Naqshbandi Order and one of its greatest teachers, was sitting one day in his Zavia when a furious cleric forced his way in.

'You sit there,' shouted the intruder, 'dog that you are, surrounded by disciples, obeyed by them in every particular! I, on the other hand, call men to strive towards divine mercy, through prayer and austerities, as is enjoined upon us.'

At the word 'dog', several of the Seekers rose to eject the fanatic.

'Stay', said the Maulana, 'for "dog" is indeed a good word. I am a dog, who obeys his Master, showing the sheep by signs the interpretation of our Master's desires. Like a dog I infuriate the interloper and the thief. And I wag my tail in pleasure when my Master's Friends come near.'

'Just as barking and wagging and love are attributes of the dog, we exercise them; for our Master has us, and does not do his own barking and wagging.'

['The Sufi Who Called Himself A Dog' in Idries Shah, The Way of the Sufi.]

 
At 12:03 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

Can you write ONE sentence without this flowery, right-brained, faith based nonsense?

 
At 12:21 PM, Blogger shree said...

Yaa Haqq.

 
At 4:49 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

James,

I hope you read my response to your latest post because they are deleting the response each time I post it. All this talk about commitment to the Truth is skin deep even for the Sufis.

AV

AV is hanging on Quran 18:65
AV for AQM-Sufism/Against Sufism w/o AQM
Sufism w/o AQM = Suffocationism (Death/
Spiritual Death)

 
At 5:10 PM, Anonymous Aliya said...

Nice story, James. Full of existential wisdom. We can learn from every situation occurring in our life, we can even learn from the frustration of the insensitive and aggressive people, who have no respect for God's living creatures. Their frustration only shows their incapability to accept themselves. Their aggression only points out to their hidden wounds and inside sadness and anguish, caused by their own illusions of being especially separated from the One Cosmic Unity.

 
At 5:19 PM, Blogger James Souttar said...

Does he have story about how one puts his foot in the mouth?

Since you ask, I have a splendid one just for you - which I'm sure everyone else here will enjoy. It is again a lovely example of Sufi adab: of exercising beautiful manners toward the One Being whilst at the same time 'taking no crap' from those who have no manners themselves. And, of course, in the process creating a rich, multi-layered learning experience that echoes down even to day.

One day abd ar-Rahman Nuruddin Jami', sheikh of the Naqshbandiyya and the last great 'classical' Persian poet, was passionately declaiming the lines:

"So constantly art thou in my stricken soul and sleepless eye
that whosoever should appear from afar, I should think that it was thou."

A blustering wiseacre in the audience rudely heckled him with a question:

"Suppose it was a donkey?"

"...I should think that it was thou," continued Jami.

 
At 6:19 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

James the Jokester from Khanaqa,

What can you learn from a dog and a donkey?

Tell us another story, O Joester.

AV

AV is hanging on Quran 18:65
AV for AQM-Sufism/Against Sufism w/o AQM
Sufism w/o AQM = Suffocationism (Death/
Spiritual Death)

 
At 7:36 PM, Blogger James Souttar said...

What can you learn from a dog and a donkey?

Well, if one has applied oneself to the task of 'learning how to learn', instead of merely trying to find fault in everything that is being shared with one, there is a great deal that can be learned from these stories. Let us take this story of Jami', for instance.

In these few lines of poetry, Jami' is showing us what it means to be a Sufi. The Sufi's constant practice is tawhid: he or she affirms the Oneness of Existence - multiplicity in Unity - in everything he or she experiences.

And the Sufi Way exists in the relationship of the Sufi to the Oneness of all Existence, which of course is God's self-manifestation, there being no other than He.

So when a person steps into that relationship, as a disciple, the master affirms them as a theatre of manifestation of the One Being: "whosoever should appear from afar, I should think that it was thou." This perfect circle of Unity, which is nonetheless initially experienced by the disciple as a series of relationships, is the dynamic which takes the human being toward completion.

Yet there is a pre-requisite. The disciple has to bring his or her own nothingness into this circle of Unity, so that the non-existence of anything besides The One Being can be affirmed. (Hence, for instance, Rumi's story "One knocked at the door of the Beloved, and a voice inquired from within...")

If, on the other hand, someone tries to bring their own false sense of 'self' - of separate, personal identity - into the circle of Unity, Jami' shows us what happens. Without the master's perfect rememoration (dhikr) of The One Being being interrupted, the dynamic is turned upon the interloper and he is made - literally in this story - to look an ass.

The 'energy' (fayd) that is put at the disposal of the master is self-teaching. That is, if you don't respect it, it straightens you out - often in quite a robust and painful fashion.

And that is the Sufi Way. If you already 'see One, hear One, know One', you don't need a master. But if you have not achieved the realisation of perfect Unity, you need to put yourself in the hands of a kamil person. And one learns in this Way by, alternately, moving towards the recognition of one's own non-existence in Him and having one's 'self' shoved in one's face.

So you see, AV, if you were prepared to take hold of the urwa al wuthqa that is lowered to you from God's 'helicopter' - whether it be a 'mere' joke or story such as this - instead of waving it away, because it doesn't have "Allah, Allah" written all over it, you might learn something really useful. You certainly wouldn't have to drown in your own self-regard.

 
At 6:16 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

This post has been removed by a blog administrator.

 
At 6:17 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

This post has been removed by a blog administrator.

 
At 9:31 PM, Blogger Vimesh said...

Salaams


An Excellent and soul stirring article on Adab by Shiekh Kabir Helminski...

i just found it and thought all must read and enjoy it

Adab - by Shiekh Kabir Helminski

 
At 10:23 PM, Blogger Mo'in said...

Dear Sadiq,

Thank you for this post!

Kindest wishes,

mo'in

 
At 10:31 PM, Blogger Sadiq Alam said...

There are four causes of infidelity and loss of belief in Allah: hankering after whims, a passion to dispute every argument, deviation from truth; and dissension, because whoever hankers after whims does not incline towards truth; whoever keeps on disputing every argument on account of his ignorance, will always remain blind to truth, whoever deviates from truth because of ignorance, will always take good for evil and evil for good and he will always remain intoxicated with misguidance.

- Imam Ali

 
At 12:37 PM, Anonymous Anonymous said...

@Sadiq

"Whether you are interested in moksha, liberation, freedom, transformation, you name it, you are interested in happiness without one moment of unhappiness, pleasure without pain, it is the same thing. Whether one is here in India or Russia or in America or anywhere, what people want is to have one without the other. But there is no way you can have one without the other. This demand is not in the interest of the survival of this living organism."

"If you are freed from the goal of the 'perfect' ,'godly', 'truly religious' then that which is natural in man begins to express itself. Your religious and secular culture has placed before you the ideal man or woman, the perfect human being, and then tries to fit everybody into that mold. It is impossible. Nature does not exist at all. Nature is busy creating absolutely unique individuals, whereas culture has invented a single mold to which all must conform. It is grotesque."

"The plain fact is that if you don’t have a problem, you create one. If you don’t have a problem you don’t feel that you are living."

- U.G. Krishnamurti

 

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